DOMESTIC WIRES :
Type of wire: There are mainly two types of wire.
- Solid wires.
- Stranded wires.
Solid wire: Solid wire is a single solid core made of either copper or aluminum, which is less flexible and difficult to conduit.
Stranded wires: Stranded wires have multiple strands twisted together to make them more flexible and easier to conduit. Stranded wire has a more efficient flow electricity from one end to another. These wires are best for house wiring.
In the marketplace, two categories of wires are available.
The first one is 90 meters, which is mainly in a carton box, and the other one, which is 180 meters, is available in a plastic wrapper. .180 meter is a little bit cheaper than 90 meter due to the thinner diameter of copper strand and also thinner in its PVC layer for electrical and heat insulation.180-meter wires are called project wires.
Top 5 brand in India:
This sequence is also similar with the price in the marketplace.
WIRE SIZE AND COLOUR :
You can use any colour wire without considering there colour, but for a professional electrician, they know colour code and size are important for good home electric wiring; each colour wire and there size says something about its use.
There are some common colours and sizes which commonly used during domestic wiring.
- Colour -Red, Black, Yellow, Green.
- Sizes -10mm,6mm,4mm,2.5mm,1.5mm,1mm.
Important note:
The size of the wire is more important than colour.
Each wire takes a load of an appliance according to there size in mm square.
WIRE COLOUR :
- RED - Red colour wire for live wire.
- Black- Black colour wire for neutral.
- Yellow-Yellow colour wire for the inverter.
- Green-Green colour wire for earthing.
Wire size and Uses:
A good selection of wire is very crucial not only for avoiding any short circuit but also is has budget-friendly. Copper wires are very costly in the market. Wrong use of wire increases your budget. We select the wire size according to the load. If the house is a little bit larger electrician may also practice to prove more than one MCB distribution board. It reduces circuit wiring length from one end to another end of the house.This selection of wire best for load below 3kw.
- From the energy meter to mcb box :-> Either use 10mm sq or 6mm sq wire according to the load of the house.
- From the mcb box to the room electric board: mainly 2.5 mm sq wire is used for circuit wiring from the MCB box to the room electric board.
- For one electric board to another electric board:-> We use 2.5 mm sq wire or 1.5 mm sq wire.
- For heavy appliances like geyse, Ac we generally separately connect from mcb panel boad we do not connect in a loop.
- For the inverter, 1.5 mm sq wire uses and the colour uses for inverter is yellow.
- For low-powered appliances, 1 mm sq wire is used
CATEGORIES OF WIRES:
Many company provide two or three catogories of wirs many [FR], [LF-FR], [LF-FR-LM].
- FR - Flame Retardant
- LF-FR - Lead Free Flame Retardant
- HR-FR-LSH- Heat Resistance Flame Retardant Low smoke and Lead Free
Different brands have their own name for the product.
This category is only for PVC grade; copper is the same.
- For standard wire, you have to check the number of strands in each wire. For example, from the above figure, 1mm sq wire has 14 strands like wise, 2.5 mm sq wire has 36 strands, as shown in the above figure.
- You have to be very cautious when buying wire because it's a vein of house that works all day and night.
- Lots of duplicates are available in the market; a few of the brands provide a verification method for their product, like Polycab wires, which provide sms verification for their genuine wires.
- Genuine brands have good print quality on the wire specification throughout the wire.
- The wire also feels oily when touched with a bare hand. This is due to easily passing through the conduit.
- Wire specifications are the name of the brand, cross-sectional area, like 1mm sq, 2.5mm sq, Iso standard, etc.
- Thoroughly check the packaging of the wire box before buying.
Causes of short circuit:
- Buying local, low-grade wires.
- Wrong use of wire selection.
- Overloading a wire by joining multiple loads in a single wire.
- MCB did not trip during a short circuit.
- If the wire is cut during the conduting.
- The wire is not properly tapped.
Home appliances with wattage rating:
